Australia contains 4 families of scorpions, Buthidae, Bothriuridae, Liochelidae and Urodacidae.

Urodacidae are a group of larger scorpions that inhabit arid areas. They create scrape or deep burrows under rocks or in sand to avoid the daytime heat. Liochelidae are a group of medium size scorpions that mainly live in wet forests and wedge themselves in rock or log crevices and lay their large claws out to ambush passing prey. Buthidae and Bothriuridae are smaller scorpions that shelter under bark and leaf litter by day, and wander at night actively hunting prey.

Australian scorpions are not considered lethal unlike some overseas species, but can still cause pain and discomfort, especially the smaller Buthidae.

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